Having a swimming pool is one of life’s greatest pleasures, but it also brings its share of responsibilities, one of which is to maintain water as clean, safe, and sparkling as possible. Pool filtration is critical in this regard, as it eliminates contaminations and helps promote water clarity. Note that all pool filters are not of similar kind, and therefore, it is very important to have the right filtration system for your pool in order to fulfill your needs. In this chapter, we will find out how to make the right choice of pool filtration system using filter types, size of the pool, maintenance requirements, and budget.
Why Choose The Right Filter?
A matching pool filter can keep free water from debris, bacteria, and contaminants, thereby keeping a direct correlation with pool health, maintenance frequency, and cost over a long period. A proper filter type and proper size will also ensure cleaner water, lower demands for maintenance, and perhaps save energy and water bills. It can also prevent common problems such as filter clogging, inadequate filtration, and frequent repairs if the right choice is made upfront.
Understanding Filter Types and Their Effectiveness
There are three basic pool filters: sand, cartridge, and diatomaceous earth (D.E.). Each has its own characteristics, level of filtration effectiveness, and maintenance needs. Here’s the breakdown to help you understand the pros and cons of each type.
1. Sand Filters
Sand pool filters are very popular among the different types of pool filters. They cost a minimal amount, can be maintained easily, and will last long. As a filter medium, it allows water to pass through while trapping particles as small as 20 microns in it. It is easy to maintain, very durable and can be capable of holding even large pool spaces.
Advantages:
- Affordable and easily found
- Easily operated with minimal maintenance required
- Long-lasting, only a replacement of sand every 5-7 years is needed
Disadvantages:
- Filters are less effective compared to other filter types, passing fine particles.
- Must be subjected to backwashing in order to clean the particles that are trapped, wasting water
As an enhancement for those who prefer to enhance filtration efficiency from sand filters, there are other media options found, like ZeoSand, filter glass, and filter balls that allow better filtration efficiency as well as better clarity in the water.
2. Cartridge Filters
Cartridge filters contain a pleated filter cartridge that can trap particles as small as 10 microns, making them even more effective than sand filters. Cartridge filters are known for their water efficiency because of the non-backwash nature of the system; they are rinsed periodically by a hose and replaced less often every 2-3 years.
Pros:
- High filtration down to 10 microns, which results in clearer water.
- Less water consumption since they are devoid of backwashing.
- Easier to clean and replace than sand filters.
Disadvantages:
- Cartridges need frequent cleaning every few weeks, depending on pool usage.
- Cost more upfront than sand filters and occasional cartridge replacement costs.
Cartridge filters are suited for smaller pools or those who prefer a low-maintenance system without sacrificing the clarity of water.
3. Diatomaceous Earth (D.E.) Filters
D.E. filters are the most efficient filters that will go all the way down to 5 microns in filtering a particle. The diatomaceous earth is a porous powder applied to the filter grids to form an extremely fine layer over the filter grids to catch impurities in the water. Although filtration with the D.E. filter is superb, giving such clear water, is the most costly and requires the most maintenance.
Benefits:
- Excellent filtration down to 5 microns for crystal-clear water.
- Effectively removes even very fine particles and bacteria.
Disadvantages:
- More expensive than other types, needs replacement with D.E. powder after each backwash.
- Needs frequent maintenance and regular monitoring.
D.E. Filters are ideally suited to pool owners who are serious about water clarity and don’t mind extra-intensive upkeep for their pools.
Choosing the Right Filter Size
Once you have chosen what size of filter to install, your second critical decision is on the right sizing of your filter. Proper sizing of a pool filter depends on the size of your pool and pump flow rate for optimum efficiency and performance. The filter will be insufficient if too small as the water will not clean too well, and an oversized filter only costs you money needlessly. Here are some critical points on how to size your filter appropriately:
- Determine Pool Volume: The size of your pool, in gallons, will determine how much flow you will need to effectively circulate your pool. The bigger the pool, the bigger the filter generally is.
- Determine Flow Rate: The flow rate on your pump, which measures GPM, indicates the pump’s ability to circulate fluid. You’ll want to make sure that your filter is going to be able to keep pace with your pump; filters that are too small are likely to not keep up well, while oversized models will reduce maintenance frequency.
- Consider Filter Turnover Rate: The concept is that your pool water needs to be completely filtered in a set time period. Typical times would be between 6 and 8 hours. Determine the filter’s turnover rate in relation to pool volume and desired cleanliness.
- Bigger Is Better: If things are not sure, one can select a somewhat larger filter size than required. Big filters consume much maintenance and can be alive for a longer time.
Maintenance Considerations
Different filters require different types of maintenance. Knowing which one you need before you choose will be of help because it keeps your pool in good condition and saves you money to spend on the unnecessary cost of repairs at times.
- Sand Filters: Must be back washed every 4-6 weeks. Watch the psi on the pressure gauge; when it goes up 8-10 above normal, it is time to backwash. Sand normally has to be replaced about every 5-7 years.
- Cartridge Filters: Cartridges must be cleaned periodically, every few weeks, and normally every 2-3 years. Clean the cartridge when the psi goes up 8-10 psi above normal or if the water flow decreases.
- D.E. Filters: Backwash when pressure increases by 8-10 psi, and add fresh D.E. powder after each backwash. Clean all grids completely at least once a year or more often if it is used heavily.
Pool Filter Troubleshooting
As mentioned earlier, even with correct maintenance, problems can occur in pool filters. Some common problems and troubleshooting tips are given below:
- Leak Tests: Examine the seals and fittings for leaks. Tightening of fittings or fitting replacement with a new O-ring normally remedies leakages.
- Blocked or Low Flow Filters: In the event of low water flow, inspect for blockages or increased contamination in the filter. A blocked filter might overload the pump.
- Dirt, Oil, or Algae Buildup: Check the filter media for excessive dirt, oil, or algae buildup. A spot filter cleaner from time to time will help clean out the buildup and keep your filter running smoothly.
- Pressure Gauge Malfunction: Monitor your filter’s pressure gauge because high or low pressure may indicate a problem. Backwash, clean, or replace the filter, as needed.
High-Performance Filter Upgrades and Accessories
Depending upon the type of filter, you might upgrade to other media or accessories that will make your filtration a bit better. Some recommendations are as follows:
- For Sand Filter: ZeoSand, Filter Glass, Filter Balls ZeoSand and Filter Glass and Filter Balls improves the quality of sand filters by filtering out smaller particles and extending sand’s lifespan.
- Reusable cartridges: In the case of cartridge filters, several reusable options can be cost-effective but for sure may need to be cleaned more often.
- Pre-filters: These add bigger chunks of debris to prevent those from reaching your main filter, saving it from additional stress and making it last longer.
Consult a professional
Selecting a pool filter is really challenging and needs professional advice. Experts in the field can help you reach a decision on which one to choose that suits the specific pool and budget which you operate on. Perhaps, you are confused by the sizing of the filter or need some installation help. Pool professionals can surely guide you towards some valuable pieces of information so that you have a filtration system that should work well and facilitate clear water clarity in your pool.
Conclusion
Choosing the right pool filtration system entails knowing the advantages and disadvantages of one filter over the other, then taking into consideration the size of your pool and what kind of maintenance you would prefer, and finally but most importantly, what is your budget? In the case of sand, cartridge, or D.E. filters, each represents a set of unique features geared to specific needs. Proper filter maintenance and occasional troubleshooting are required to keep your pool water clear, contaminant-free, and ready for your enjoyment all season long. Following the right filter and the correct plan for upkeep, it can be quite enjoyable to have a beautiful, healthy-looking pool.
